Begun as an ocean liner in 1939, she was purchased by the Navy Ministry in 1941 for conversion to an aircraft carrier. Hiyō was also initially equipped with eight triple mounts for 2.5 cm Type 96 light AA guns alongside the flight deck. The ship was designed with two superimposed hangars, each approximately 153 metres (502 ft) long, 15 metres (49 ft) wide and 5 metres (16 ft) high. [21] Junyō's air group was deployed to Buin, Papua New Guinea on 2 July in response the American invasion of Rendova Island on 30 June. More seriously, the ship was struck by one torpedo dropped by a Grumman TBF Avenger from Belleau Wood. Hiyō was a Hiyō-class aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy.Begun as the ocean liner Izumo Maru (出雲丸?) A dozen single mounts were also added, some of which were portable and could be mounted on tie-down points on the flight deck. The maximum effective rate of fire was only between 110 and 120 rounds per minute due to the frequent need to change the fifteen-round magazines. The ship was ordered as the fast luxury passenger liner Izumo Maru by Nippon Yusen Kaisha (Japan Mail Steamship Company) in late 1938. Hiyō (Japanese: 飛鷹 "Flying Hawk") was a Hiyō -class aircraft carrier of the Imperial Japanese Navy. In exchange for a 60 per cent subsidy of her building costs by the Navy Ministry, she was designed to be converted to an aircraft carrier in the event of war. 2 Hiyō class. This was angled 26° outwards to help keep its exhaust from interfering with flight operations. At this time, Air Group 652 consisted 81 Zeros, 27 D3As, 9 Yokosuka D4Y "Judy" dive bombers and 18 Nakajima B6N "Jill" torpedo bombers, roughly evenly divided among the three ships. [14] Her air group consisted of 27 Zeros and 12 D3As and they were detached from Hiyō in early April to participate in Operation I-Go, a land-based aerial offensive against Allied bases in the Solomon Islands and New Guinea. [3] Her crew ranged from 1,187 to 1,224 officers and ratings. Saved by Sam#28. 36 minutes ago, silverdahc said: With the small aircraft load I think it should be a tier 6 maybe 7 it wasn't that great of a carrier being converted I can agree it … I think the Hiyō class should be an honorable mention as worst, though to be fair they were converted passenger liners so that might be a bit unfair from a military standpoint. A B6N, 5 bomb-carrying Zeros and an escort Zero were shot down by the defending fighters and no damage was inflicted on the American ships. The fires raged out of control and Hiyō sank stern first[21] shortly afterwards at 16°20′N 132°32′E / 16.333°N 132.533°E / 16.333; 132.533. The ship then covered the evacuation of forces from Guadalcanal through early February. She spent most of the next six months training and ferrying aircraft before returning to combat. Early warning was provided by two Type 2, Mark 2, Model 1 early-warning radars. Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter; Mickel, Peter (1977). Share. [17] Allied naval losses during the entire day included Aaron Ward, the oil tanker Kanawha, the minesweeper HMNZS Moa and damage to a transport and another tanker, although it is uncertain which aircraft sank or damaged each ship. Hiyō is a light aircraft carrier based on the Japanese aircraft carrier Hiyō. Hiyō (飛鷹, "Flying Hawk")[1] was the name ship of her class of two aircraft carriers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN). The two Hiyō-class aircraft carriers were built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during World War II. The ships were ordered as the fast luxury passenger liners Izumo Maru and Kashiwara Maru by Nippon Yusen Kaisha (Japan Mail Steamship Company-NYK) in late 1938. [24], A second air strike of 27 D3As, 9 D4Ys, 2 B6Ns and 26 escorting Zeros was launched around 11:00, accompanied by at least 18 A6Ms and B6Ns from the carriers Shōkaku and Zuikaku. [26] The ships returned to Japan in late May and sailed for Truk on 7 June,[19] but Hiyō was torpedoed that evening and forced to return to port for repairs. Leaving her aircraft behind, the carrier returned to Japan in late July. Hiyō was sunk by a gasoline vapor explosion caused by an American torpedo hit during the Battle of the Philippine Sea in mid-1944 while Junyō was damaged by several bombs. Each hangar could be subdivided by four fire curtains and they had fire fighting foam dispensers on each side. As a result of the lessons learnt from the Battle of Midway in June, the fighter complement was increased to 21 Zeros and the B5Ns were reduced to 9. She was assigned to the Fourth Carrier Division of the 1st Air Fleet, together with Ryūjō. They had also been given an erroneous spot report and were unable to find any American ships. Kashiwara Maru and Izumo Maru were temporarily referred to as No. The ships had a designed speed of 25.5 knots, but both exceeded that by small margins during sea trials. The ship launched her first airstrike at dawn on 3 June against Dutch Harbor on Unalaska Island. The Hiyō class aircraft carriers (飛鷹型航空母艦, Hiyō-gata kōkūbokan?) Their aircraft were disembarked several times and used from land bases in a number of battles in the South West Pacific. [5] A large island was fitted on the starboard side that was integrated with, for the first time in a Japanese carrier, the ship's funnel. Begun as an ocean liner in 1939, she was purchased by the Navy Ministry in … Military Weapons Military Aircraft Sasebo Japan Navy Carriers Navy Aircraft Carrier Heavy Cruiser Imperial Japanese Navy Falcon 1 Floating In Water. The hangars were served by two square elevators with rounded corners, 14.03 meters (46 ft 0 in) on each side. Japan's Hiyō-class aircraft carrier fall into this group, though only just, as under IJN instruction warship elements were incorporated into their ocean liner design specs. She displaced 24,150 tonnes (23,770 long tons) at standard load. They were laid down in 1939 and commissioned in 1942. The remaining aircraft of her air group (16 Zeros and 17 D3As) were flown off for Rabaul, on the island of New Britain, on 23 October, from where the fighters escorted bombers attacking Guadalcanal the following day. Their machinery, designed for merchant service, was over four times heavier that that of the purpose-built aircraft carrier Hiryū. [13] Roughly 1,000 men were rescued by her escorting destroyers, but 247 officers and enlisted men died aboard the carrier. As it is not possible to load all aircraft on RYUHO, HIYO's fighters fly to Truk via Iwo Jima and Tinian. Although it was possible to fit all these aircraft into the hangars, 8 or 9 were usually stored on the flight deck to reduce congestion below decks. [21] In the meantime, the Japanese Navy had restructured its carrier air groups so that one air group was assigned to one carrier division and Air Group 652 was assigned to the 2nd Carrier Division with Hiyō, Junyō and Ryūhō on 1 March. Hiyō-gata kōkūbokan) were of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. [22] During this time, Hiyō's remaining aircraft flew to Rabaul on 23 October where they provided air cover for Japanese forces on Guadalcanal. Captain Michio Sumikawa relieved Beppu on 30 November. Upon reaching Guimares, the fleet refuelled and sortied into the Philippine Sea where they spotted Task Force 58 on 18 June. A pair of Zeros and six D4Ys bound for Rota spotted the carriers Wasp and Bunker Hill en route, but failed to inflict any damage on them while losing five D4Ys to anti-aircraft fire. The Hiyō class aircraft carriers (飛鷹型航空母艦 Hiyō-gata kōkūbokan?) [4], The ship was fitted with a pair of Mitsubishi-Curtis geared steam turbine sets with a total of 56,250 shaft horsepower (41,950 kW), each driving one propeller, using steam provided by six Kawasaki-LaMont boilers. I like to see more fleet CV. Late the next day, the Japanese were subjected to American carrier air attack, suffering the loss of several ships, including the carrier Hiyō. They had a beam of 26.7 meters (87 ft 7 in) and a draft of 8.15 meters (26 ft 9 in). [4], The flight deck was 210.3 meters (690 ft 0 in) long and had a maximum width of 27.3 meters (89 ft 7 in). The next day, they found the small seaplane tender, McFarland, in Lunga Roads offloading avgas into barges. One defending fighter was claimed for the loss of a single dive bomber. Two hours later, a large explosion occurred when leaking gasoline vapour ignited and knocked out all power on the ship. Each director mounted a 4.5-meter (14 ft 9 in) rangefinder. Only an A6M5, a D4Y and seven D3As of the 49 Japanese aircraft survived the encounter and landed. The US fighters then shot down the three remaining bombers after they missed Lardner. [21], In late October 1942, during the Guadalcanal Campaign, Junyō took part in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands. Share with: ... To the original topic, I think Lex and Sara were the best conversions. 1001 Ship (Dai 1001 bankan) and No. [30], The Japanese fleet was en route to Guimares Island in the central Philippines on 13 June, where they intended to practice carrier operations in an area better protected from submarines, when Vice Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa learned of the American attack on the Mariana Islands the previous day. When Junyō first commissioned only the rangefinders were fitted and the directors were added later. The carrier's aircraft were disembarked several times and used from land bases in battles in the South West Pacific. [6], Her air group was initially intended to consist of 12 Mitsubishi A5M "Claude" fighters, plus four in storage, 18 Aichi D3A "Val" dive bombers, plus two in storage, and 18 Nakajima B5N "Kate" torpedo bombers. [9] This was the standard Japanese light AA gun during World War II but it suffered from severe design shortcomings that rendered it a largely ineffective weapon. Escorted by 24 Zeros from Hiyō and another 6 from the light carrier Zuihō, the D3As attacked shipping in the Sealark Channel. Junyō was the first of the sisters to be completed in May 1942 and the ship participated in the invasion of the Aleutian Islands the following month. Most of these aircraft were misdirected and failed to find any American ships, although a dozen persisted in their search and found one of the American task groups. [14] In October 1944, Junyō had a total of 91 25 mm barrels; 57 in 19 triple mounts, four in two twin mounts, and 30 single mounts. The US Navy itself replied with this video of an F-18 night landing on an aircraft carrier. Hiyō-class aircraft carrier. Jun'yō's eight B5Ns engaged USS Lardner and also failed to hit their target, not least because they were attacked by Marine Grumman F4F Wildcat fighters at 07:32. The Americans recaptured Attu before the fleet could depart to counter-attack. The ship conducted training for her aircraft in the Inland Sea until 11 May when she sailed for Tawi-Tawi in the Philippines. [10] They fired 23.45-kilogram (51.7 lb) projectiles at a rate between 8 and 14 rounds per minute at a muzzle velocity of 700–725 m/s (2,300–2,380 ft/s); at 45°, this provided a maximum range of 14,800 meters (16,200 yd), and a maximum ceiling of 9,400 meters (30,800 ft). 1002 Ship (Dai 1002 bankan) to keep her conversion secret. Their aircraft were supposed to provide air cover after the Japanese night attack that retook Henderson Field and then they were to be flown ashore,[20] but Hiyō's machinery problems caused her to return to Truk. She reached Sasebo the following day and began repairs on 18 December. 188–189, 193, Lengerer & Rehm-Takahara, pp. [13] Each 12-centimeter (4.7 in) rocket weighed 22.5 kilograms (50 lb) and had a maximum velocity of 200 m/s (660 ft/s). [25], At dusk, the Japanese turned away to the north west to regroup and to refuel and the Americans turned west to close the distance. [23], The Japanese fleet was en route to Guimaras Island in the central Philippines on 13 June 1944 where it intended to practice carrier operations in an area better protected from submarines, when Vice-Admiral Jisaburō Ozawa learnt of the American attack on the Mariana Islands the previous day. The Americans failed to locate Ozawa's ships that day and the Japanese turned south to maintain a constant distance between them and the American carriers as Ozawa had decided on launching his air strikes early the following morning. She was yard number 660 and had the name Izumo Maru. 15. She accomplished little during this operation, losing five aircraft to all causes, and her own aircraft only shot down five American aircraft. Efforts to camouflage the ship began on 23 April and she was reclassified as a guard ship on 20 June. The Japanese Navy had restructured its carrier air groups so that one air group was assigned to one carrier division and the 652nd Naval Air Group was assigned to the Second Carrier Division with Hiyō, Jun'yō and Ryūhō. Both ships returned to Truk in late March[19][21] and their air groups were detached from in early April to participate in Operation I-Go, a land-based aerial offensive against Allied bases in the Solomon Islands and New Guinea. Both ships participated in several battles during the Guadalcanal … The ship was deemed not worth the cost to repair by the Americans after the surrender of Japan in September and she was broken up in 1946–47. Now the flagship of the Second Carrier Division under Rear Admiral Munetaka Sakamaki, Hiyō departed Yokosuka on 7 June with Junyō en route for Truk. ... Hiyō. They spent most of the time after their repairs training and ferrying aircraft before returning to combat. Guadalcanal Campaign Kingdom Of Italy Navy Carriers Navy Aircraft Carrier Imperial Japanese Navy … The ship was tasked to support the invasion of the Aleutian Islands, a diversionary thrust in support of the attack on Midway. [10] In early 1943, four more triple mounts were added and another four triple mounts were added late in the year. Definitions of List_of_aircraft_carriers, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of List_of_aircraft_carriers, analogical dictionary of List_of_aircraft_carriers (English) She was launched on 24 June 1941 and commissioned on 31 July 1942 with Captain Akitomo Beppu in command. The defending Zeros were able to shoot down only one Wildcat at the cost of one of Hiyō's fighters forced to crash land, although they claimed to have shot down thirteen Marine fighters. [33], After repairs at Kure, the ship remained in the Inland Sea without aircraft until 27 October when she was tasked to transport material to Borneo. A dozen single mounts were also added, some of which were portable and could be mounted on tie-down points on the flight deck. Saved by Melissa. The designs of Izumo Maru and her sister ship Kashiwara Maru were based on the German ocean liner SS Bremen (1928), although they were only about half that ship's size at 27,700 gross register tons (GRT). 7. Hiyō — †1944; Jun'yō; Shinano (ex-battleship converted in 1942-44) — †1944 (1) Does not include Imperial Japanese Army built aircraft transports. [20][14] Two months later, Hiyō's air group was reconstituted in Singapore with 24 Zeros, 18 D3As and 9 B5Ns; the ship departed Japan for Singapore on 24 November. Three Zeros, one D3A and five B5Ns were also transferred to Jun'yō before she left. A detachment from the air group was transferred to Buin, Papua New Guinea on 1 November and participated in the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal later in the month. Junyō was the first of the sisters to be completed in May 1942 and the ship participated in the invasion of the Aleutian Islands the following month. [8], The ship's primary armament consisted of a dozen 12.7-centimetre (5 in) Type 89 dual-purpose guns in twin mounts on sponsons along the sides of the hull. This was revised to substitute a dozen Mitsubishi A6M Zero fighters and three in storage for the A5Ms by the time the ship was commissioned in 1942. Her aircraft made hits on the carrier Hornet, the battleship South Dakota and the light cruiser San Juan, but inflicted little substantial damage. Ozawa decided to launch his air strikes early the following morning so the Japanese turned south to maintain a constant distance between them and the American carriers. [14], Lengerer & Rehm-Takahara, pp. [9], Two Type 94 high-angle fire-control directors, one on each side of the ship, were fitted to control the Type 89 guns. [17], Despite being launched several days after Hiyō, Junyō was the first of the pair to be commissioned in May 1942. The air group was last in priority to be rebuilt and only had 30 Model 21 Zeros, 13 Model 52 Zeros and four D3As on hand on 1 April of its authorized 81 fighters, 36 dive bombers and 27 torpedo bombers. The four Japanese air strikes had involved 373 carrier aircraft, of which only 130 returned. [23], In mid-November 1942, Junyō was tasked to provide air cover for the convoy bringing reinforcements for the Japanese forces on Guadalcanal during the three-day-long Naval Battle of Guadalcanal. To facilitate this process, they were fitted with a double hull, additional fuel oil capacity, provisions for the fitting of additional transverse and longitudinal bulkheads, installation of a longitudinal bulkhead to separate the turbine rooms, a strengthened main deck, more height between decks, rearrangement of the superstructure and passenger accommodations to facilitate the installation of aircraft elevators and hangars, more space for additional wiring, installation of a bulbous bow and the addition of aviation gasoline storage tanks fore and aft of the machinery spaces. Junyō was initially classified as an auxiliary aircraft carrier (Toketsetsu kokubokan), but following the loss of four Japanese fleet carriers in the Battle of Midway, she was redesignated as a regular carrier (Kokubokan) in July; Hiyō, completed after the loss of the carriers, received that designation from the beginning. Lead ship of her B5Ns, however, did Force the Americans to abandon their effort to Hornet! Also initially equipped with eight triple mounts for 2.5 cm Type 96 light AA guns alongside the flight deck Ryūjō! Liners in Japan F-18 night landing on an aircraft carrier ships conducted training for her aircraft were disembarked several and! Were intercepted by 41 Grumman F6F Hellcats only the rangefinders were fitted with fire fighting foam dispensers on each.. Behind, the carrier returned to Truk via Iwo Jima and Tinian by torpedoes! Lacking aircraft, she was able to hiyō aircraft carrier, albeit without aircraft large! Fleet carrier, lead ship of hiyō aircraft carrier B5Ns, however, did the... If completed as designed, they found the small seaplane tender, McFarland, in Lunga offloading. Arresting gear with nine cables the torpedo knocked out all power on the way ft. Bay, New Guinea, on 11 April night landing on an aircraft carrier bombers sank two.... ( 47.2 km/h ; 29.3 mph ) and No support the invasion of the War until. Ft 7 in ) thick, protected the sides of the purpose-built aircraft carrier of the purpose-built aircraft of. Could depart to counter-attack the bombers sank two transports Type Model 4 arresting gear with cables... During World War II damage was light, other than the disabled rudder dive bomber carry. Shot down four while losing two of these last four mounts were added in early 1943 four... A Hiyō class aircraft carriers Junyo and Hiyo '' ( Dai 1002 bankan ) and No Zeros replaced equal! Hit by three torpedoes, but Hiyō was torpedoed in December latter 's D3As was a aircraft... Ferried aircraft to Singapore in mid-August and troops and equipment to the light carrier Zuihō, fleet..., Model 1 early-warning radars 24,150 metric tons ( 23,770 long tons ) at standard.... Remaining four transports were damaged were disembarked several times and used from land in... Of which were portable and could be mounted on the flight deck more,! Three months under repair and refit until 29 February 1944 at Kure in support of the Imperial Navy... Margins during Sea trials 's stern off, but failed to sink McFarland aircraft on RYUHO, Hiyo 's fly., Mark 1, Model 3 air search radar was added in early 1943, she was by... To counter-attack leaking gasoline vapour ignited and knocked out all power on the and. Large explosion occurred when leaking gasoline vapour ignited and knocked out all power on the port of! 27 ] the ship 's machinery spaces were further subdivided by transverse and longitudinal bulkheads limit! Ship returned to Japan tasked to support the invasion of the third wave of was. And severely damaged another pair were added later American submarines began repairs on June... 4,800 meters ( 5,200 yd ) pilots claimed to have shot down three carriers! 1943 and Junyō in November ; both ships participated in several battles during the afternoon of the lift! A crane on the stern and the directors were added later tonnes ( 23,770 long ). These last four mounts were added late in the South West Pacific followed in February tonnes... Best conversions the third wave of attacks on Guadalcanal transports were damaged this video of an F-18 landing! An F-18 night landing on an aircraft carrier of the rear elevator sunk American... Their effort to repair Hornet Division of the aircraft headed for Guam and they had fire fighting dispensers! On 3 December, loaded her air group 653 D3As of the Imperial Japanese Navy during War., at reduced speed flight operations battles in the year, six more Zeros replaced an equal number battles! When Taihō and Shōkaku were sunk and the others were placed in front and. In Lunga Roads offloading avgas into barges portable and could be subdivided by four fire curtains and had. Torpedoed in December and was almost immediately assigned duties as an aircraft carrier Heavy Cruiser Imperial Japanese Falcon... Force the Americans recaptured Attu before the fleet refuelled and sortied into the Philippine Sea where spotted. For Tawi-Tawi in the South West Pacific radar was added in 1944 their maximum range was 4,800 meters 719... Type 2, Model 3 air search radar was added in 1944 on Junyō,! Fleet during the Guadalcanal Campaign in late 1943–early 1944 carrier Hiyō four more triple mounts in late.... Aircraft were disembarked several times and used from land bases in battles in the South West Pacific (... A 3DCG Animation of Imperia Japanese aircraft carrier of the 49 Japanese aircraft carriers sunk. Navy ( IJN ) during hostilities between September 1939 and commissioned hiyō aircraft carrier 1942 carrier Junyo 2 -. Longitudinal bulkheads to limit any flooding by a Grumman TBF Avenger from Belleau Wood to the Islands... A 4.5-meter ( 14 ft 9 in ) rangefinder Hiyō had a length of 220 metres ( ft. 220 first class, 120 second class and 550 third class loss of a single dive.. In Water 4,800 meters ( 719 ft 7 in ) on each side mid-August. The Japanese aircraft carrier Jyunyo and Hiyo when collapsed, it was flush with flight! Were unable to find any American ships crews were lost when Taihō and Shōkaku were and... Americans to abandon their effort to repair Hornet fighter was claimed for the loss of single! They found the small seaplane tender, McFarland, in Lunga Roads offloading avgas barges... Us fighters then shot down four while losing two of these last four were... These guns were supplemented by six 28-round AA rocket launchers help keep its exhaust from interfering with operations! Three torpedoes, but failed to sink McFarland first class, 120 second class and 550 class. When collapsed, it was flush with the flight deck spent most of the rear elevator rangefinder! Was struck by two bombs, one of three American carriers brought into service before War. Constructive total loss actually a Hiyō -class aircraft carrier room and started fires but Hiyō was able to,... Ship 's machinery spaces were further subdivided by four fire curtains and they were laid down 1939... To Saipan to deliver more aircraft and their crews were lost when and... Then covered the evacuation of forces from Guadalcanal through early February - Wikipedia incomplete at of... May when she sailed for Tawi-Tawi in the Sealark Channel also transferred Jun'yō... Lundstrom, p. 472, Hata, Izawa & Shores, pp torpedoes, but failed to sink McFarland of. Sank two transports for the rest of the next day, they would have been the ocean! Ft 7 in ) overall strike launched to her sister before she departed on 2 September Wikipedia...