He. In Rumi's terms, tawhid is lived most fully through love, with the connection being made explicit in his verse that describes love as "that flame which, when it blazes up, burns away everything except the Everlasting Beloved. And since his mother Muimina Khatun is a descendant of the Khwarizmi dynasty, Rumi has been growing up in the company of high-ranking people since childhood. "ḎJalāl al- Dīn Rūmī b. Bahāʾ al-Dīn Sulṭān al-ʿulamāʾ Walad b. Ḥusayn b. Aḥmad Ḵhaṭībī ." One of Baha' ud-Din's students, Sayyed Burhan ud-Din Muhaqqiq Termazi, continued to train Rumi in the Shariah as well as the Tariqa, especially that of Rumi's father. [citation needed] These transcendental philosophers are often studied together in traditional schools of irfan, philosophy and theosophy throughout the Muslim world.[75]. Rumi's poetry forms the basis of much classical Iranian and Afghan music. They finally settled in Karaman for seven years; Rumi's mother and brother both died there. Ποιήματα του Μαυλανά Ρουμή. Shams Tabrizi was an unruly nomadic saint, whom people called a ‘bird’. [42] For example, Professor Franklin Lewis of the University of Chicago, author of the most complete biography on Rumi, has separate sections for the hagiographical biography of Rumi and the actual biography about him. He was a high-ranking dignitary in Konya. [80], Flee to God's Qur'an, take refuge in it To many modern Westerners, his teachings are one of the best introductions to the philosophy and practice of Sufism. Several years after the death of Shams Tabrizi, Rumi rekindled a close friendship with a goldsmith named Salauddin Jacob. The marriage produced two male children, Baha al-Din Muhammad-i Walad (popularly known as Sultan Walad) and Ala-eddin Chalabi. The profession of the family for several generations was that of Islamic preachers of the liberal Hanafi rite, and this family tradition was continued by Rumi (see his Fihi Ma Fih and Seven Sermons) and Sultan Walad (see Ma'rif Waladi for examples of his everyday sermons and lectures). Hence we tend to be overly skeptical, distrustful. در شیوه‌ی عشق خویش و بیگانه یکی است There, he realised: Why should I seek? ", (Ritter, H.; Bausani, A. ... Mawlānā was married all his life from about the age of eighteen, and he was very devoted to his two wives. And this is how the famous ‘Sufi Dance’ or ‘Summer’ started with the hands of Sultan Walid and not Rumi. در مذهب او کعبه و بتخانه یکی است‎, On the seeker’s path, wise men and fools are one. But later when he became the famous Maulana and poet of Anatolia in Rome, he became known as Maulana and Rumi. (2008). People and his relatives often call him Rumi. [105], As Edward G. Browne noted, the three most prominent mystical Persian poets Rumi, Sanai and Attar were all Sunni Muslims and their poetry abounds with praise for the first two caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar ibn al-Khattāb. Franklin also points out that: "Living among Turks, Rumi also picked up some colloquial Turkish. Two years later, in 1927, the Mausoleum of Mevlâna in Konya was allowed to reopen as a Museum. An evocative poem, doused in imagery, this one will tie in beautifully with the vows of a couple who love to cook or travel together. Rather, as Meier has shown, it was in the small town of Wakhsh north of the Oxus that Baha'uddin Walad, Jalaluddin's father, lived and worked as a jurist and preacher with mystical inclinations. But when Rumi was devastated by this incident, his eldest son Sultan Walad was forced to bring him back to Konya. He does not offend anyone, and he includes everyone.... Today Rumi's poems can be heard in churches, synagogues, Zen monasteries, as well as in the downtown New York art/performance/music scene.". This was clearly an intense personal and spiritual relationship that brought out new aspects of Rumi’s own spirituality and inspired his poetry. pp. Tajiks and Persian admirers still prefer to call Jalaluddin 'Balkhi' because his family lived in Balkh, current day in Afghanistan before migrating westward. He was born either in Wakhsh, a village on the Vakhsh River in present-day Tajikistan, or in the city of Balkh, in present-day Afghanistan. “. How it sings of separation...[51]. The Book conveys the prophets' circumstances 2310. His Masnavi (Mathnawi), composed in Konya, is considered one of the greatest poems of the Persian language. His first son, Sultan Walad, was born in Larada. The popular hagiographical assertions that have claimed the family's descent from the Caliph Abu Bakr does not hold on closer examination and is rejected by modern scholars. Love is the astrolabe of God's mysteries. [103], In the 1950s, the Turkish government began allowing the Whirling Dervishes to perform once a year in Konya. The use of its various metaphors and the variability of concepts often puzzle readers. The law also provided penalties for those who tried to re-establish the Orders. According to the authoritative Rumi biographer Franklin Lewis of the University of Chicago, "[t]he Anatolian peninsula which had belonged to the Byzantine, or eastern Roman empire, had only relatively recently been conquered by Muslims and even when it came to be controlled by Turkish Muslim rulers, it was still known to Arabs, Persians and Turks as the geographical area of Rum. Then what should I fear? Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī (Persian: جلال‌الدین محمد رومی‎), also known as Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī (جلال‌الدین محمد بلخى), Mevlânâ/Mawlānā (مولانا, "our master"), Mevlevî/Mawlawī (مولوی, "my master"), and more popularly simply as Rumi (30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century Persian[10][1][11] poet, Hanafi faqih, Islamic scholar, Maturidi theologian, and Sufi mystic originally from Greater Khorasan in Greater Iran. Rumi never knew about this incident in his lifetime. He believed that in the midst of nature God spread the message of the invisible world. [95][96] Contemporary classical interpretations of his poetry are made by Muhammad Reza Shajarian, Shahram Nazeri, Davood Azad (the three from Iran) and Ustad Mohammad Hashem Cheshti (Afghanistan). You left, how can I cry now? Rumi believed passionately in the use of music, poetry and dance as a path for reaching God. When the Mongols invaded Central Asia sometime between 1215 and 1220, Baha ud-Din Walad, with his whole family and a group of disciples, set out westwards. He brings all of those who are led astray into the Way out of the desert."[78]. Age 37: On Saturdday, November 28, 1244 A.D. or 26th of Jamadi-ul0akhar 642 A.H., Rumi and Shams met: Age 39: On March 14, 1246, 21st Shewwal, 643, Shams left Qonya and Rumi … Baha' ud-Din became the head of a madrassa (religious school) and when he died, Rumi, aged twenty-five, inherited his position as the Islamic molvi. So he brought Shams Tabrizi to his house. Rumi's poetry is often divided into various categories: the quatrains (rubayāt) and odes (ghazal) of the Divan, the six books of the Masnavi. Personally, I think the idea of Rumi and Shams being gay is one big contemporary projection. On 13 December 1925, a law was passed closing all the tekkes (dervish lodges) and zāwiyas (chief dervish lodges), and the centres of veneration to which visits (ziyārat) were made. From then on, Jacob was Rumi’s close companion for a long time. Sometimes he would become so engrossed with his ghazals that he would start dancing in deep immersion. 90–92: "Baha al-Din’s disciples also traced his family lineage to the first caliph, Abu Bakr (Sep 9; Af 7; JNO 457; Dow 213). Following this dance, Sultan Walad later performed a special dance in honor of his father, in which one person is placed in the center as a metaphor for Rumi and the others revolve around him, as the planets revolve around the sun. ed. She was the daughter of … Peacock, Anatolian Studies, Vol. Franklin Lewis, Rumi : Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings, and Poetry of Jalâl al-Din Rumi, 2000, pp. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. According to Professor Majid M. Naini,[88] "Rumi's life and transformation provide true testimony and proof that people of all religions and backgrounds can live together in peace and harmony. 60. Seeing her dance, it seemed that she had gone to another world in the middle of the dance, she had no connection with the real world. Chopra, Iran Society, Kolkata (2007). [100] The Mawlawīyah was a well-established Sufi order in the Ottoman Empire, and many of the members of the order served in various official positions of the Caliphate. Chopra in Indo Iranica Vol. And I must (also) jump from the river of (the state of) the angel, If anyone quotes anything except this from my sayings, Δέδες, Δ. Then I looked for him in my heart and found him there.”. Rumi married and had a son, who later wrote his biography. On 1 May 1228, most likely as a result of the insistent invitation of 'Alā' ud-Dīn Key-Qobād, ruler of Anatolia, Baha' ud-Din came and finally settled in Konya in Anatolia within the westernmost territories of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm. The use of its various metaphors and the variability of concepts often puzzle readers. [13] His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. [108] The commemoration at UNESCO itself took place on 6 September 2007;[2] UNESCO issued a medal in Rumi's name in the hope that it would prove an encouragement to those who are engaged in research on and dissemination of Rumi's ideas and ideals, which would, in turn, enhance the diffusion of the ideals of UNESCO. [81], I am the servant of the Qur'an as long as I have life. His shrine or green shrine in Konya is still considered a place of pilgrimage for followers of various religions, especially Muslims in Turkestan. He himself went out searching for Shams and journeyed again to Damascus. And today we will hear the story of the famous Maulana or poet Jalal Uddin Rumi, whose words cut a scar in our hearts, whose poems teach us a new definition of love, whose poems teach us not to be afraid of the Creator but to be found in love. It is not possible to mold Rumi’s thoughts or ideas in any specific way. The Spiritual Masnavi of Mowlavi [112] 2007 was declared as the "International Rumi Year" by UNESCO. Again the long mystical conversation began and again the jealousies grew. ", "Interview: 'Many Americans Love Rumi...But They Prefer He Not Be Muslim, "Interview: A mystical journey with Rumi", "UNESCO. While still a teacher. So innumerable people of all religions and castes attended his janaza. She was the one who sponsored the construction of his tomb in Konya. Syed Burhan Uddin Mohakkiki, a student of Rumi Bahauddin, studied Islamic Sharia and Sufism with Tirmizi for nine consecutive years and at one point became the chief judge of the Konya Mosque. At the proposal of the Permanent Delegations of Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkey, and as approved by its executive board and General Conference in conformity with its mission of “constructing in the minds of men the defences of peace”, UNESCO was associated with the celebration, in 2007, of the eight hundredth anniversary of Rumi's birth. I have been looking for myself![50]. Franklin Lewis: "On the question of Rumi's multilingualism (pp. [34] Rumi expresses his appreciation: "Attar was the spirit, Sanai his eyes twain, And in time thereafter, Came we in their train"[35] and mentions in another poem: "Attar has traversed the seven cities of Love, We are still at the turn of one street". Sometimes a shoemaker, sometimes a goldsmith would become his intimate friend. As respects to hunting through the treasure-trove of the Qur’ān, one can find in it [the Mathnawī] all [the Qur’ān’s] ancient philosophical wisdom; it [the Mathnawī] is all entirely eloquent philosophy. Because he could not stay in one place for long and be common, he could be seen in two places at the same time, so that it seemed that he could fly or change his position in the blink of an eye. After the death of his father in Konya, Rumi continued there as a teacher and religious authority issuing opinions (fatwas) pertaining to the Islamic law (Shariah). "[79], Many of Rumi's poems suggest the importance of outward religious observance and the primacy of the Qur'an. He saw the father walking ahead of the son and said, "Here comes a sea followed by an ocean. The Mewlewī Sufi order was founded in 1273 by Rumi's followers after his death. [36] His father was also connected to the spiritual lineage of Najm al-Din Kubra. Shortly after his death, Rumi succeeded him at the age of 25, and gradually he became known as Maulvi Sahib or Maulana Sahib. On 1 May 1228, most likely as a result of the insistent invitation of 'Ala' ud-Din And today we will hear the story of the famous Maulana or poet Jalal Uddin Rumi, whose words cut a scar in our hearts, whose poems teach us a new definition of love, whose poems teach us not to be afraid of the Creator but to be found in love. She did not live long and … Shams-i Tabrīzī (Persian: شمس تبریزی ‎) or Shams al-Din Mohammad (1185–1248) was a Persian poet, who is credited as the spiritual instructor of Mewlānā Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhi, also known as Rumi and is referenced with great reverence in Rumi's poetic collection, in particular Diwan-i Shams-i Tabrīzī (The Works of Shams of Tabriz). After the death of Salauddin Jacob, he became close to Husam al-Chelebi, a student of Rumi. He achieved Graduated from the st. xavier’s college, university of mumbai degree. p. 44:“Baha al-Din’s father, Hosayn, had been a religious scholar with a bent for asceticism, occupied like his own father before him, Ahmad, with the family profession of preacher (khatib). Rumi and his mausoleum were depicted on the reverse of the 5000 Turkish lira banknotes of 1981–1994.[92]. Jalal ad-Din is an Arabic name meaning "Glory of the Faith". Mawlānā (مولانا‎) is a term of Arabic origin, meaning "our master". His poems are passionate, spiritual and intense. Brill, 2009. According to tradition, Rumi was himself a notable musician who played the robāb, although his favourite instrument was the ney or reed flute. Shams Tabrizi first saw Rumi when Rumi was 21 years old, and he saw Rumi and realized that Rumi could be his worthy disciple and representative, who could fully comprehend his spiritual knowledge and abilities. In 1225, Rumi married Gowhar Khatun in Karaman. At one time, Persian was a common cultural language of much of the non-Arabic Islamic world. Spend a lot of time alone with him and continue to receive an education. We do not learn the name of Baha al-Din's mother in the sources, only that he referred to her as "Māmi" (colloquial Persian for Māma),[46] and that she was a simple woman who lived to the 1200s. He believed that it was not possible to find a mosque or a church in search of the Creator, but to seek the Creator in one’s own heart. C.E. When Mongols invaded Persia, Rumi left Persia for Konya, which was then under the Persian empire. I have never become less from dying. Which had a profound effect on Rumi’s adolescence and he became fascinated with the mystery. Rumi probably met the philosopher ibn al-Arabi at Damascus. [2][32], Greater Balkh was at that time a major centre of Persian culture[23][31][33] and Sufism had developed there for several centuries. Ta Istorika 10.18–19: 3–22. مُردم از حیوانی و آدم شدم Shamsu 'd-din of Tabriz. At his suggestion, Rumi started writing his most popular book, Masnavi. کل شیء هالک الا وجهه Rumi also spoke in Masnavi about his love for Shams Tabrizi, Salauddin Jacob and Husam al-Chelebi. [102] Music, especially that of the ney, plays an important part in the Mevlevi. 47:19). Nicholson’s text has 25,577 lines though the average medieval and early modern manuscripts contained around 27,000 lines, meaning the scribes added two thousand lines or about eight percent more to the poem composed by Rumi. Brill Online. Several of his letters to different people at different times have also been found. By this time (c. 1228 CE), Rumi had been married twice and had three sons and a daughter. Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī b. Bahā’ al-Dīn Walad b. Ḥusayn b. His poems are an explosion of different emotions. His Masnavi contains anecdotes and stories derived largely from the Quran and the hadith, as well as everyday tales. Class inequality did not find a place in him. When his wife died, Rumi married again and had a son, Amir Alim Chalabi, and a daughter, Malakeh Khatun. “Persian Poetry, Sufism and Ismailism: The Testimony of Khwajah Qasim Tushtari's Recognizing God.”, Franklin D. Lewis, Rumi: Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teaching, and Poetry of Jalâl al-Din Rumi, rev. It is undeniable that Rumi was a Muslim scholar and took Islam seriously. He also believed that love was the best way to find the Creator. At the age of 18, on their way to Mecca, they were met at Nishapur by the famous Persian spiritual poet Attar. When Rumi and Shams met the second time, they fell at each other’s feet. Rumi cared for Shams, not just because he helped Rumi attain self-realization and ascension, but by immortalizing Shams he perpetuated Shams' transformative energy for all seekers in the world. [89] The English interpretations of Rumi's poetry by Coleman Barks have sold more than half a million copies worldwide,[90] and Rumi is one of the most widely read poets in the United States. [110] Also in that year, Iran held a Rumi Week from 26 October to 2 November. گویدم که انا الیه راجعون‎. She is not dating anyone currently. Istanbul alone had more than 250 tekkes as well as small centres for gatherings of various fraternities; this law dissolved the Sufi Orders, prohibited the use of mystical names, titles and costumes pertaining to their titles, impounded the Orders' assets, and banned their ceremonies and meetings. The voice then said, "The one you seek is Jalal ud-Din of Konya." In the West Shahram Shiva has been teaching, performing and sharing the translations of the poetry of Rumi for nearly twenty years and has been instrumental in spreading Rumi's legacy in the English-speaking parts of the world. Rumi probably met the philosopher ibn al-Arabi at Damascus. His father's friend Burhan al-Din arrived and for nine years taught Rumi Sufism. Rumi was born to native Persian-speaking parents, originally from the Balkh, in present-day Afghanistan. پس چه ترسم کی ز مردن کم شدم؟ Jalal Uddin Rumi died shortly after writing Masnavi. Mewlana had been spontaneously composing ghazals (Persian poems), and these had been collected in the Divan-i Kabir or Diwan Shams Tabrizi. After a while, by the end of 1247, Hazrat Shams was married to Kimia, a young woman who’d grown up in Mawlana Rumi's household.